Roses can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, grafting and buddings. Seed propagation is used by rose breeder for the development of new varieties whereas the T-budding is used for commercial production of the plants. The budding is done over the rooted root stock of Rosa odorata, the most commonly used root stock in Northern India. Some times Rosa indica, R. multiflora is used for the production of rooted root stock and further budding while R. multiflora is popular in South India.
Production of under stock of rose
The 25-30 cm long semi-hard wood cuttings are planted in well developed bed during December to February from mother plant root stock. The cuttings are planted at 450 with the spacing of 30X15 cm. The cuttings are tipped from the bases in Rootadex No.2/B. The field are irrigated as soon as the cuttings are in place to settle the soil around the base. After 20-30 days of planting the under stock sprout and through the growth. During this period adequate soil moisture should be maintained. The moisture stress can cause the wilting among the cuttings. Proper care is practiced in field beds up to June.
Lifting of under stock (rooted cutting) of rose
The rooted cuttings are lifted during 15th July to 30th July and planted in budding block/ polythene bags for budding. The rooted under stock are pruned up to the height of 30-45 cm and one to two shoots are retained. The plants are placed in the 15-20 cm deep pit and press firmly to avoid the air space. The planted under stock sprout 20-30 days later and produce newer shoots from base which further utilized for budding.
Budding of under stock in rose
The budding procedure consist of making a vertical and horizontal cut in the under stock to form a “T”. The T is placed well below the shoot that arise from the under stock. Cuts are made only to the depth of cambium layer. An eye is removed from the marked cultivar making a shallow slicing cut from a shield like piece as backing for the bud. It is inserted between the flaps formed by the bark on either side of the T. A budding tape is wrapped around the shank of the under stock above and below the eye to hold it in place. The budding operations are completed by 15th February.
Three to four weeks after budding under stock is cut approximately one-third of the way through directly above the inserted bud and top is broken over. This places the bud in an apical position on the shank of the under stock, where it begin to grow. Three weeks after the top are broken over they are removed entirely from the plant. Top removal is done in two stages to prevent the complete defoliation at any time. The digging of the budded plants is begun in mid of October and completed by the end of January.
Crops Calendar