जैविक खेती के लिए पंचगव्य बनाने की वि‍धि‍।

In India the “Green Revolution” pesticides and chemicals were introduced and pushed through all the publicity media and scientific institutions.  It increased the agricultural productivity but as the years passed on, the soil got contaminated due to chemical residues. After realising the ill impacts of overuse of chemicals, once again farmers started to go back to what they knew best – organic farming.

Tiny steps were taken to replace chemical fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides, with organic manure. But nothing was available to replace growth promoting hormones and immunity boosters, and to bring sustained higher productivity. So farmers, and some scientists, started experimenting with medicines mentioned in the Vrikshayurveda, and panchgavya was the result.

The description of cow being the abode of all Gods and the medium of achieving Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha is found in many ancient Indian texts. In Vedic Literature, Prithvi is the synonym of Gau (Cow). In ancient times, a man’s abundance was judged by the number of cows he possessed.

History gives evidence that the Indians were in the peak of health when the cow was respected. There was commercialization of cow products in ancient times. Milk and grains were given free of cost. Milk was offered instead of water. Rightly said, streams of milk and curds traversed this country. This was the reality some years back.

Panchagavya, an organic product has the potential to play the role of promoting growth and providing immunity in plant system. When suitably mixed and used, these have miraculous effects.

How to prepare Panchagavya

To prepare the Panchgavya, mix Cow dung - 7 kg and Cow ghee - 1 kg , thoroughly both in morning and evening hours and keep it for 3 days. After 3 days mix 

Cow Urine - 10 liters and Water - 10 liters to the mixture and keep it for 15 days with regularly stirred twice a day both in morning and evening. After 15 days, mix the Cow milk - 3 liters, Cow curd - 2 liters, Tender coconut water - 3 liters, Jaggery - 3kg and Well ripened poovan banana – 12 nos to the above mix and keep stirring twice daily for 30 days.

All the above items can be added to a wide mouthed mud pot, concrete tank or plastic can as per the above order. The container should be kept open under shade.

 The Panchagavya stock solution will be ready after 30 days. Care should be taken not to mix buffalo products. The products of local breeds of cow is said to have potency than exotic breeds.

It should be kept in the shade and covered with a wire mesh or plastic mosquito net to prevent houseflies from laying eggs and the formation of maggots in the solution. 

Dosage in Spray system of application

3% solution was found to be most effective compared to the higher and lower concentrations investigated. Three litres of Panchagavya to every 100 litres of water is ideal for all crops.

The power sprayers of 10 litres capacity may need 300 ml/tank. When sprayed with power sprayer, sediments are to be filtered and when sprayed with hand operated sprayers, the nozzle with higher pore size has to be used.

Dosage in Flow system of application

The solution of Panchagavya can be mixed with irrigation water at 50 litres per hectare either through drip irrigation or flow irrigation

Seed/seedling treatment

3% solution of Panchagavya can be used to soak the seeds or dip the seedlings before planting. Soaking for 20 minutes is sufficient. Rhizomes of Turmeric, Ginger and sets of Sugarcane can be soaked for 30 minutes before planting.

Seed storage

3% of Panchagavya solution can be used to dip the seeds before drying and storing them.

Periodicity

Time of application of Panchagavya for different crops is given as follows

Traditional claims of Panchagavya (individual componenets)

Effect of Panchagavya for plant health

Leaf

Plants sprayed with Panchagavya invariably produce bigger leaves and develop denser canopy. The photosynthetic system is activated for enhanced biological efficiency, enabling synthesis of maximum metabolites and photosynthates.

Stem        

The trunk produces side shoots, which are sturdy and capable of carrying maximum fruits to maturity. Branching is comparatively high.

Roots

The rooting is profuse and dense. Further they remain fresh for a long time. The roots spread and grow into deeper layers were also observed. All such roots help maximum intake of nutrients and water.

Yield

There will be yield depression under normal circumstances, when the land is converted to organic farming from inorganic systems of culture. The key feature of Panchagavya is its efficacy to restore the yield level of all crops when the land is converted from inorganic cultural system to organic culture from the very first year.

The harvest is advanced by 15 days in all the crops.It not only enhances the shelf life of vegetables, fruits and grains, but also improves the taste. By reducing or replacing costly chemical inputs, Panchagavya ensures higher profit and liberates the organic farmers from loan.

Drought Hardiness

A thin oily film is formed on the leaves and stems, thus reducing the evaporation of water. The deep and extensive roots developed by the plants allow to withstand long dry periods. Both the above factors contribute to reduce the irrigation water requirement by 30% and to ensure drought hardiness.

Panchagavya for animal health

Panchagavya is a living elixir of many micro organisms, bacteria, fungi, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, known and unknown growth promoting factors micronutrients trace elements antioxidant and immunity enhancing factors.

When taken orally by animals and human beings, the living micro organisms in the Panchagavya stimulate the immune system and produce lot of antibodies against the ingested microorganisms. It acts like vaccine.

This response of the body increases the immunity of animals and humans and thus helps to prevent illness and cures disease. It slows down the aging process and restores youthfulness.

The other factors present in Panchagavya improve apetite, digestion and assimilation and elimination of toxins in the body. Constipation is totally cured. Thus the animals and humans become hale and healthy with shining hair and skin. The weight gains are impressive.

AUTHORS

K.SHARMILI¹ AND P.RAJESH²

¹ Assistant Professor Agronomy, Department of Crop Management, Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Pollachi -642103, TamilNadu

² PhD Scholar, Department of Agronomy, TamilNadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

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